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This website was developed for the exhibition Irriṯitja Kuwarri Tjungu | Past & Present Together: Fifty Years of Papunya Tula Artists that was on view at the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection of the University of Virginia from 2021-23 and the Embassy of Australia in Washington, DC in 2024. It was made possible by our creative partnership with Papunya Tula Artists and the generous support of UVA Arts Council. Site design by Urban Fugitive for V21 Artspace.
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Bill Stockman Tjapaltjarri

Ngatitjirri Tjukurrpa (Budgerigar Dreaming)
1988

This painting represents the travels of a group of Ngatitjirri (Budgerigar) ancestors during the Tjukurrpa. On their journey, they stopped to camp in sandhill country near Ilpitirri (Mount Denison). According to John Kean:

The budgerigars are envisaged streaming in great flocks towards the artist’s birthplace Ilpitirri (on Mt Denison Station). The multiplicity of circles evokes the abundance of budgerigars who appear in tight flights of glittering green birds to converge to drink at desert water-places. Seeing the birds teeming in groups of several thousand individuals remains one of the most spectacular sights of inland Australia. And this is a phenomenon of special significance to the artist due to his totemic association with the birds.

The shimmering abundance of Ngatitjirri embodies the Indigenous belief that particular sites in the landscape are centers from which the originating ancestors emanate. The ceremony from which this painting is derived is performed to ensure that the birds will continue to flourish, if the rituals are correctly celebrated. The bristling excitement of the Ngatitjirri is also associated with the anticipation of post-initiates on learning the more detailed aspects of Law.

My father used to say, “Hey kungka (young women), you’ve got to learn how to paint your ngurra (home) country, your Tjukurrpa.” They [the Anmatyerr men] were encouraging their wives, “Nyuuntulpa ngurra painting (paint your country).” From there, it blew up like a balloon. They started small, and from small they blew up. From Australia to the United States, overseas, like a balloon.

PUNATA STOCKMAN NUNGURRAYI

Language Groups: Anmatyerr
Dates: c. 1927–2015

Bill Stockman survived a massacre of Aboriginal people in 1928 in which the rest of his family were killed. He worked as a stockman and later as a cook in Papunya. He was one of the founders of the Papunya painting movement, an Aboriginal Arts Board member (1975–79) and a chairman of Papunya Tula Artists (1976–77). In 1988 he traveled to New York City with Michael Jagamara Nelson to create a sand sculpture for the opening of Dreamings: The Art of Aboriginal Australia at the Asia Society Galleries. His work is held in every state collection in Australia as well as the National Museum of Australia and the National Gallery of Australia.

Are you related to this artist? Are you a scholar of artwork from the Papunya Tula movement? Please contact us at kluge-ruhe@virginia.edu if you would like to add something to this page or see something that is missing or incorrect.
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